Name a common symptom of atrial septal defects.

Shortness of breath is a common symptom associated with atrial septal defects (ASD). This condition involves a hole in the wall (septum) that separates the heart's two upper chambers (atria). Because of the defect, oxygen-rich blood can mix with oxygen-poor blood, which leads to increased blood flow to the lungs. As a result, this extra blood flow can cause congestion in the lungs, leading to shortness of breath, especially during physical activity or exercise.

Patients with ASD may also develop other symptoms over time, but shortness of breath is particularly significant because it directly impacts physical capacity and overall quality of life. The development of other symptoms such as fatigue can also occur but is often a consequence of the underlying issue affecting respiratory function. Thus, while a range of symptoms might be present, shortness of breath stands out as a hallmark sign of atrial septal defects.