What is defined as any disease affecting one or more of the heart valves?

Valvular heart disease is defined as any condition that affects one or more of the heart valves. This can encompass a range of disorders where valves may be narrowed (stenosis) or may not close properly (regurgitation), leading to problems with blood flow within the heart. The heart has four main valves—mitral, aortic, tricuspid, and pulmonary—each of which can be affected by various conditions that fall under the umbrella of valvular heart disease.

Understanding this term is essential for identifying how heart function can be impaired due to structural abnormalities in the valves. Valvular heart disease can lead to symptoms such as shortness of breath, fatigue, and chest pain, depending on the severity of the valve dysfunction and its impact on the overall functionality of the heart. It often requires specific diagnostic techniques and management strategies, highlighting its significance in cardiovascular health.

In contrast, coronary artery disease pertains to the narrowing or blockage of the coronary arteries and is not limited to valves. Myocardial infarction refers to a heart attack, characterized by the death of heart muscle due to inadequate blood supply, while heart failure describes the heart's inability to pump effectively, which can be a consequence of various conditions, including valvular issues