What is "postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome" (POTS)?

Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome, commonly known as POTS, is characterized by an abnormal increase in heart rate that occurs when a person transitions from a lying down or seated position to standing. This condition is part of a group of disorders known as dysautonomia, which affects the autonomic nervous system's ability to regulate blood flow and blood pressure. As individuals with POTS stand, their heart rate can increase significantly—often by 30 beats per minute or more within ten minutes of standing—while simultaneously experiencing symptoms such as dizziness, lightheadedness, palpitations, or even fainting.

Understanding POTS is essential not just for identification and management of symptoms, but also for grasping the broader implications of autonomic dysfunction. The immediate heart rate response upon standing is a hallmark of POTS, clearly distinguishing it from other cardiovascular, neurological, or respiratory conditions sometimes confused with it.